FACULTY OF LAW

OSMANIA UNIVERSITY

SYLLABUS OF LL.B. (3-YDC)

LL.B. I SEMESTER

 Click here to Download LLB 1st Semester Syllabus Osmania University PDF 

PAPER-I:

LAW OF CONTRACT–I

Unit-I:

Definition and essentials of a valid Contract – Definition and essentials of a valid Offer – Definition and essentials of valid Acceptance – Communication of Offer and Acceptance – Revocation of Offer and Acceptance through various modes including electronic medium – Consideration – salient features – Exception to consideration – Doctrine of Privity of Contract – Exceptions to the privity of contract – Standard form of Contract. 

Unit-II:

Capacity of the parties – Effect of Minor’s Agreement – Contracts with insane persons and persons disqualified by law – Concepts of Free Consent – Coercion Undue influence – Misrepresentation – Fraud – Mistake – Lawful Object – Immoral agreements and various heads of public policy – illegal agreements – Uncertain agreements – Wagering agreements – Contingent contracts – Void and Voidable contracts.

  Unit-III:

Discharge of Contracts – By performance – Appropriation of payments –   Performance by joint promisors – Discharge by Novation – Remission – Accord and Satisfaction – Discharge by impossibility of performance (Doctrine of Frustration) – Discharge by Breach – Anticipatory Breach – Actual breach.

  Unit-IV:

Quasi Contract – Necessaries supplied to a person who is incapable of entering into a contract – Payment by an interested person – Liability to pay for non gratuitous acts – Rights of finder of lost goods – Things delivered by mistake or coercion – Quantum merit – Remedies for breach of contract – Kinds of damages – liquidated and unliquidated damages and penalty – Duty to mitigate. 

Unit-V:

Specific Relief – Recovering possession of property – Specific performance of the contract – Rectification of instruments – Rescission of contracts – Cancellation of instruments-Declaratory Decrees-Preventive Relief-Injunctions – Generally – Temporary and Perpetual injunctions – Mandatory & Prohibitory injunctions – Injunctions to perform negative agreement.

Suggested Readings:

1. Anson: Law of Contract, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
2. Krishnan Nair: Law of Contract , S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad.
3. C.V. Subba Rao: Law of Contract, S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad.
4. S.Venkatesha Iyer: Law of Contract, revised by Dr.V.Krishnama Chary, S. Gogia & Co.
5. Avatar Singh: Law of Contract , Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.

PAPER-II:

FAMILY LAW–I (Hindu Law)

Unit-I:

Sources of Hindu Law – Scope and application of Hindu Law – Schools of Hindu Law – Mitakshara and Dayabhaga Schools – Concept of Joint Family, Coparcenary, Joint Family Property and Coparcenary Property – Institution of Karta- Powers and Functions of Karta – Pious Obligation – Partition – Debts and alienation of property.

Unit-II:

Marriage – Definition – Importance of institution of marriage under Hindu Law – Conditions of Hindu Marriage – Ceremonies and Registration – Monogamy –

Polygamy-Recent Trends in the institution of marriage.

Unit-III:

Matrimonial Remedies under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 – Restitution of

Conjugal Rights – Nullity of marriage – Judicial separation – Divorce – Maintenance pendente lite – importance of conciliation- Role of Family Courts in Resolution of matrimonial disputes.

Unit-IV:

Concept of Adoption – Historical perspectives of adoption in India – In country and intercountry adoptions –   Law of Maintenance – Law of Guardianship – The Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956 – The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act 1956.

Unit-V:

Succession – Intestate succession – Succession to the property of Hindu Male and Female; Dwelling House – The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 as amended by the

Hindu Succession (Andhra Pradesh Amendment) Act, 1986 & the Hindu

Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 – Notional Partition – Classes of heirs – Enlargement of limited estate of women into their absolute estate – Daughter’s right to inherit ancestral property and impact of recent changes in law.

Suggested Readings:

1. Paras Diwan : Modern Hindu Law, Allahabad Agency, Delhi.
2. Paras Diwan : Family Law, Allahabad Agency, Delhi.
3. Mayne: Hindu Law – Customs and Usages , Bharat Law House, New Delhi.
4. Sharaf: Law of Marriage and Divorce.
5. C.V. Subba Rao, Family Law in India, S. Gogia & Company, Hyderabad.
6. Mayne’s Treatise on Hindu Law & Usage, Bharath Law House.
7. F. Jaya Kumar, Horizons of Family Law in India-Select Essays(2017) , Spandana  Publications, Secunderabad

PAPER-III:

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I

Unit-I:

Constitution-Meaning and Significance – Evolution of Modern Constitutions Classification of Constitutions- Indian Constitution – Historical Perspectives Government of India Act, 1919-Government of India Act, 1935-Drafting of Indian Constitution – Role of Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly

Unit-II:

Nature and Salient Features of Indian Constitution – Preamble to Indian

Constitution – Union and its Territories-Citizenship – General Principles relating to Fundamental Rights(Art.13) – Definition of State

Unit-III:

Right to Equality(Art.14-18) – Freedoms and Restrictions under Art.19 Protection against Ex-post facto law – Guarantee against Double Jeopardy Privilege against Self-incrimination – Right to Life and Personal Liberty – Right to Education – Protection against Arrest and Preventive Detention

Unit-IV:

Rights against Exploitation – Right to Freedom of Religion – Cultural and Educational Rights – Right to Constitutional Remedies – Limitations on Fundamental Rights(Art.31-A,B and C)

Unit-V:

Directive Principles of State Policy – Significance – Nature – Classification Application and Judicial Interpretation – Relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles – Fundamental Duties –  Significance – Judicial Interpretation

Suggested Readings:

1. P.Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, Wadhwa & Co, Nagpur
2. N.Shukla, Constitution of India, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
3. Granville Austin, Indian Constitution-Cornerstone of a Nation, OUP, New

    Delhi

4. M.Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (in 3 Volumes), N.M.Tripathi,

    Bombay

5. C.V.Subba Rao, Indian Constitutional Law, S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad
6. Shiva Rao: Framing of India’s Constitution (in 5 Volumes), Indian

    Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi

7. N.Pandey, Constitutional Law of India, Central Law Agency, Allahabad

PAPER-IV:

LAW OF TORTS INCLUDING MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS

Unit-I:

Nature of Law of Torts – Definition of Tort – Elements of Tort – Development of Law of Torts in England and India – Wrongful Act and Legal Damage – Damnum

Sine Injuria and Injuria Sine Damno – Tort distinguished from Crime and Breach of

Contract – General Principles of Liability in Torts – Fault – Wrongful intent Malice – Negligence – Liability without fault – Statutory liability – Parties to proceedings.

Unit-II

General Defences to an action in Torts – Vicarious Liability – Liability of the State for Torts – Defence of Sovereign Immunity – Joint Liability – Liability of Joint Toreadors – Rule of Strict Liability (Ryland’s V Fletcher) – Rule of Absolute Liability (MC Mehta vs. Union of India) – Occupiers liability – Extinction of liability – Waiver and Acquiescence – Release – Accord and Satisfaction – Death.

Unit-III

Specific Torts – Torts affecting the person – Assault – Battery – False Imprisonment – Malicious Prosecution – Nervous Shock – Torts affecting Immovable Property – Trespass to land – Nuisance – Public Nuisance and Private Nuisance – Torts relating to movable property – Liability arising out of accidents (Relevant provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act).

Unit-IV

Defamation – Negligence – Torts against Business Relations – Injurious falsehood Negligent Misstatement – Passing off – Conspiracy – Torts affecting family relations – Remedies – Judicial and Extra-judicial Remedies –Damages – Kinds of Damages – Assessment of Damages – Remoteness of damage – Injunctions – Death in relation to tort – Action personalis moritur cum persona.

Unit-V

Consumer Laws: Common Law and the Consumer – Duty to take care and liability for negligence – Product Liability – Consumerism – Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – Salient features of the Act – Definition of Consumer – Rights of Consumers Defects in goods and deficiency in services – Unfair trade practices– Redressal Machinery under the Consumer Protection Act – Liability of the Service Providers, Manufacturers and Traders under the Act – Remedies.

Suggested Readings:

1. Winfield & Jolowicz : Law of Tort, Sweet and Maxwell, London.
2. Salmond and Heuston : Law of Torts, edition, 2nd Indian reprint, Universal Book traders, New Delhi.
3. Ramaswamy Iyer: The Law of Torts, LexisNexis Butterworths, New Delhi.
4. PSA Pillai’s: Law of Tort, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.
5. Durga Das Basu: The Law of Torts, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
6. Ratanlal & Dhirajlal: The Law of Torts, LexisNexis.
7. K.Bangia: Law of Torts, Allahabad Law Agency, Allahabad.
8. Vivienne Harpwood: Law of Torts, Cavendish Publishing Ltd. London.
9. Hepple & Mathews: Tort – Cases and Materials, Butterworth, London. 10.D.N.Saraf: Law of Consumer Protection in India, Tripati, Bombay.

PAPER–V:

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

Unit-I

The meaning and definition of environment – Ecology – Ecosystems-Biosphere Biomes – Ozone depletion – Global Warning – Climatic changes – Need for the preservation, conservation and protection of environment – Ancient Indian approach to environment- Environmental degradation and pollution – Kinds, causes and effects of pollution

Unit-II

Common Law remedies against pollution – trespass, negligence, and theories of Strict Liability & Absolute Liability – Relevant provisions of I.P.C. and Cr.P.C. and C.P.C., for the abatement of public nuisance in pollution cases – Remedies under Specific Relief Act – Reliefs against smoke and noise – Noise Pollution.

Unit-III

The law relating to the preservation, conservation and protection of forests, wild life and endangered species, marine life, coastal ecosystems and lakes etc. Prevention of cruelty towards animals – The law relating to prevention and control of water pollution – Air Pollution – Environment pollution control mechanism Law relating to environment protection – Role of National Environmental Tribunal, National Environmental Appellate Authority and National Green Tribunal.

Unit-IV:

Art. 48A and Art. 51A(g) of the Constitution of India – Right to wholesome environment – Right to development – Restriction on freedom of trade, profession, occupation for the protection of environment – Immunity of Environment legislation from judicial scrutiny(Art.31C) – Legislative powers of the Centre and State Government – Writ jurisdiction – Role of Indian Judiciary in the evolution of environmental jurisprudence.

Unit-V

International Environmental Regime – Transactional Pollution – State Liability Customary International Law – Liability of Multinational corporations/Companies – Stockholm Declaration on Human Environment, 1972 – The role of UNEP for the protection of environment – Ramsar Convention 1971 – Bonn Convention (Migratory Birds) 1992 – Nairobi Convention, 1982 (CFCC) – Biodiversity Convention (Earth Summit), 1992 – Kyoto Protocol 1997, Johannesburg Convention 2002.

Suggested Readings:

1. Armin Rosencranz and Shyam Divan: Environmental Law and Policy in

    India.

2. Manoj Kumar Sinha (Ed), Environmental Law and Enforcement: The Contemporary Challenges, Indian Law Institute, New Delhi, 2016.
3. Agarwal (Ed.): Legal Control of Environmental Pollution
4. Chetan Singh Mehta: Environmental Protection and Law
5. K. Krishna Iyyer: Environment Pollution and Law
6. Paras Diwan : Environmental Law and Policy in India,1991 7. Dr. N. Maheshwara Swamy, Environmental Law, Asia Law House,
7. P.Leela Krishnan, Environmental law in India, LexisNexis.